الكلام المنقول Reported Speech في اللغة الإنجليزية، وتعرض القواعد الأساسية لتحويل الجملة من الكلام المباشر (Direct Speech) إلى الكلام المنقول (Reported Speech). شرح مبسط لقواعد Reported Speech
محتوى الورقة باختصار:
القواعد العامة:
- يتم تحويل الأفعال المساعدة من المضارع إلى الماضي.
- يتم تغيير الضمائر بما يتناسب مع السياق.
- يتم تغيير ظروف الزمان والمكان.
أمثلة على التحويل:
| Direct Speech (الكلام المباشر) | Reported (الكلام المنقول) | Example (مثال) |
|---|---|---|
| I → he/she | “I am reading now.” → He said he was reading then. | |
| you → me/us | “You are late.” → She said I was late. | |
| my → his/her | “My book is new.” → He said his book was new. | |
| is/am/are → was/were | “She is happy.” → They said she was happy. | |
| will → would | “I will go.” → He said he would go. | |
| can → could | “I can help.” → She said she could help. | |
| have/has → had | “I have a pen.” → He said he had a pen. | |
| now → then | “I am busy now.” → He said he was busy then. | |
| today → that day | “I saw her today.” → He said he saw her that day. | |
| yesterday → the day before | “I met him yesterday.” → She said she met him the day before. | |
| tomorrow → the day after | “I will leave tomorrow.” → He said he would leave the day after. |
تحويل السؤال:
- “Do you speak English?” →
He asked me if I spoke English. - “Where do you live?” →
He asked me where I lived.
أوامر مباشرة (Imperatives): شرح مبسط لقواعد Reported Speech
- “Open the window.” →
He ordered me to open the window. - “Don’t speak!” →
He ordered me not to speak.
لا تعليق